Learning Chinese-Personal Narrative Essay - 1933 Words

Learning Chinese-Personal Narrative In 1995, I decided to volunteer as a missionary for my church. On the application form, there was no space for suggestions as to where in the world I would like to serve as a missionary. Church leaders assign missionaries to the place they feel we should go. I was surprised with the assignment to serve in Taiwan, speaking Mandarin Chinese. I had no previous experience with Chinese people or their language, so I felt fortunate that the church provides 2 months of intensive language training before the missionary even gets on the plane. During my 2 months in the language-training center, I found out just how different Mandarin Chinese is from my native language. The time went by quickly, and†¦show more content†¦I found, upon returning home a year ago, that I still hadnt picked up many of these items. While my speaking ability had reached a point that native Chinese people clearly understood my pronunciation and tones, my mastery of those items that had not been clearly taught to me sometimes caused major communication breakdowns. Frustrated, I decided to isolate these parts of speech that were giving me so much trouble, look them up in reference grammars, and figure out once and for all how to use them like a native Chinese person. It was this search that raised the questions that I will attempt to answer in this paper. The part of Chinese I chose to examine for this paper is the perfective aspect (PRV) -le particle. I will analyze and compare how various grammars, textbooks, and studies describe and explain this particle. Because most of the descriptions and explanations of this particle seem to be based mainly on the theories and ideas of the authors of these analyses, it seemed that a survey of native Chinese speakers would provide a good standard by which to judge these theories. Li and Thompsons book, MANDARIN CHINESE A Functional Reference Grammar (1981) is widely used to teach learners of Chinese how to use the PRV -le particle. That is why, for this paper, I chose to put Li and Thompson up against the standard a surveyShow MoreRelatedReview of Peter Hesslers Oracle Bones1541 Words   |  6 Pagesincorporating personal and social commentary. Hessler (2006) also weaves personal stories of individual Chinese people into Oracle Bones, to provide both a broad and an intimate narrative. The t hree core personal narratives are vastly different, to capture the diversity of Chinese culture and society. One of the people that Hesler (2006) follows is a Uighur (Muslim from Eastern China), who successfully endeavors to leave China for the United States. Named Polat, the Uighurs perspective on Chinese societyRead MoreBattle Hymn Of The Tiger Mother By Amy Chua1069 Words   |  5 Pageschildren raised by Chinese mothers. Amy Chua’s opinion piece gives compelling, though fairly biased and subjective, insight into the parenting styles of Chinese mothers. Before delving into possible answers, Chua explains that she uses the terms â€Å"Chinese mother† and â€Å"Western parents† loosely to distinguish the cultural values and parenting styles. Chua then gets to her explanation as to why Chinese mothers raise such stereotypically successful children. Chua notes that â€Å"Chinese parents understandRead MoreReflection On Personal Narrative1083 Words   |  5 PagesEDUC 364 Jingpei Wang Reflecting on Personal Narrative Culture shapes our identity and influences our behaviors. Living in California has been an open-minded journey for me because of diverse cultures, lifestyles, and people’s thought. Although, I learned to adopt the positive of a new culture and abandon the negative ones. It seemed like I could easily lose my cultural identity while I am accepting a new culture. However, After I took the class I even feel a greater appreciation on my own raceRead MoreThe Cultural Analysis Of Outdoor Leisure Essay1732 Words   |  7 Pagescities is in tamed with the transformations of Chinese government economic strategies. With increasing disposable money, overall increased spare time compared with Maoist era, health conscious as well as the negative consequences caused by modernization in terms of high pressure of working condition with high trade-off leisure time, psychic tensions caused by overwhelming highly increase of commodity price against the comparatively slow growth of personal inco me, and deteriorating urban environmentRead MoreReflection on Readings Using Comparison and Contrast Maxine Hong Kingston (Tongue Tied); Richard Rodriguez (Aria); Gloria Anzaldua (How to Tame a Wild Tongue)1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof linguistic minority students around the world and how they struggle to cope in school and at home. Audience: Class HUM-111 and Dr. Connelly Purpose: To highlight the difficulties students have at school and at home when it comes down to learning a language which they aren’t acquainted to and the consequences of such, depending on their social background. Reflection on readings using Comparison and Contrast Maxine Hong Kingston (Tongue Tied); Richard Rodriguez (Aria); Gloria AnzalduaRead MoreThe Reason Of Importing Large Numbers Of Reality Tv Shows From Korea934 Words   |  4 PagesThe reasons of importing large numbers of reality TV shows from Korea Why do these satellite television stations become rushing to buy Korea s reality TV from at first learning from the western countries? Reality TV stemmed from Western countries, the source of Korea’s reality TV shows is also from Western countries. But Korea experienced imitation and study from the West, Reality TV this kind of programs has a new development. The main feature of Korea’s reality TV shows is celebrities participatingRead MoreNarrative Therapy, Developed By Michael White And David Epson1130 Words   |  5 Pages Narrative Therapy, developed by Michael White and David Epson during the 1980s, is a way for the client to separate themselves from the problem they are experiencing. The person is not the problem; the problem is the problem. As part of the therapy, the client becomes the narrator of his or her life story. Each experience the client has in their lives becomes part of his/her story, a chapter. Created to be collaborative, the client becomes the narrator and learns that they have the skills to makeRead MoreWhat I Have Learned in My Writing Course847 Words   |  3 Pagesand convi ncing. As a result, my first draft had always criticized by people because it seemed simple and confused. I realized that my first biggest issue of writing essay is how to put away my â€Å"Chinese structure† transfers to formal writing style. Honestly, I do understand that the difference of writing Chinese and English essay, which the sentence structure is opposed. Sometime, I could not tune my mind immediately on writing English, which was challenging me the most. My second biggest problem isRead MoreCree Poetic Discourse By Neal Mcleod1640 Words   |  7 Pageswestern academic writing approach harms the indigenous Cree narratives. According to McLeod, the Cree narrative process, which involves poetic thinking, embraces new possibilities and keeps changing (9). This evolution process not only depends on various occasions of speaking but also depends on different storytellers and audiences who absorb stories, thus allowing Cree poetic discourse to possess dynamic feature (M cLeod 9). Such dynamic narrative approach compresses space, like Neal McLeod, said, â€Å"LikeRead MoreAnalysis Of Mother Tongue By Amy Tan913 Words   |  4 Pagesby Amy Tan In the narrative essay, â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan, the author sets out the story between her mother, whose English is her second language, and Tan herself can speak native English very well. The essay covers the tonal shift of Amy Tan s psychological change, from grudge to understanding. Although she begins the essay saying, I am not a scholar of English or literature. I cannot give you much more than personal opinions on the English language and its variations

Career Paper Free Essays

Deciding on a certain career has been difficult and very challenging. Going through elementary school and middle school and deciding what career path way I should take, the first two that caught my attention were anesthesiologist and general surgeon. As a child, I never thought that I would want to go to these fields. We will write a custom essay sample on Career Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a student, I sometimes have my ups and downs in school but that doesn’t stop me from doing what I love. In my opinion school is like the next level of a game and I must do my best to beat that level. Sometimes it’s tough but I’ll manage somehow. Preparing to become an anesthesiologist begins in high school. Since university or college focuses on classes in premed, some recommends getting a head start taking science classes in high school. Biology and chemistry classes will provide you with the knowledge required to be successful. I still don’t know which of the two careers I should decide on. Luckily, the two careers matched closely to my personality type. What do surgeons do? General Surgeons are doctors who are specialized in performing surgery on abdominal areas such as the esophagi, stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts, but sometime often the thyroid gland. They also focus on disease involving the breast, skin, or any soft tissue. Depending on the type of surgeon, they perform different surgeries. For example a cardiovascular surgeon might do open heart surgery, while a breast surgeon might do breast surgery to save someone from having breast cancer. Surgeons are part of a team. They rely on an anesthesiologist to keep the patient asleep and comfortable, nurses and assistants are responsible for passing the surgeon any tools that are needed to do the surgery, and keeping track of the patient’s vital signs and many other things. Sometimes in difficult procedures surgeons often work together as a am to do more work in less time, and in teaching hospitals interns and residents are with more experienced surgeons to observe and learn. Many surgeons work for very long hours, some are scheduled to work for certain amount of hours depending on the hospital. Even doctors who work in private practice spends long hours in the operating room, and are expected to work with other health care professionals to make sure that everything is going smoothly. A lot of surgeons, most of the time are responsible for managing a lot of paperwork such as possessing a patient’s files to reviewing records and so much more. There are many types of surgeon and focusing in different areas of the body. Unlike other doctors, surgeons must first complete four years of study at any college, depending which one has the specific field. Surgeons must complete an additional four year and get their MD or Doctor of Medicine degree from an approved medical school. Most applicants take a large amount of courses in subjects like chemistry, and physics. Also, they must pass the Medical College Admission Test (MICA). Once they have gotten their MD, graduates have to go through a minimum of five years of surgery residency. During this course, dents are trained in general surgical procedures. Why is an anesthesiologist important during any surgery? Anesthesiologists are medical doctors specializing in preoperative care. They help to ensure the patients are safe while going through surgery and are involve in putting the patient to sleep so they won’t feel pain or sensation. Without anesthesiologists, surgery would not be possible in a lot of operations. They are responsible for the patient before, during and after the surgery. In terms of education, one must complete at least 3 years of a bachelor’s degree, many applicants have 4 years which also include ultimate science courses. Anesthesiologist must have a high score on the Medical College Admission Test (MICA), also a letter of recommendation from their teachers and advisors. Many medical schools also consider things like leadership qualities, and extracurricular activities when making admissions decisions. After graduation, anesthesiologists enter into a residency program. Usually the first year is spent in an internship, practicing general medicine and learning from other anesthesiologist. During the next couple years, they learn the techniques and skills of anesthesiology with the help and supervision of another. At the end of the residency, they will need to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination to obtain licenser to practice medicine in the United States, and then they can work as an anesthesiologist. What exactly does an anesthesiologist do? Their Job is to keep you safe and comfortable during surgery and recovery. They monitor your heart rhythm, blood pressure and the amount of oxygen in your blood. Also, they monitor your temperature and your level of consciousness. When patients are sleeping, they monitor the patient’s breath by measuring the volume of breath exhaled and the mount of carbon dioxide in their breathing. Sometimes, they may monitor how much blood the patient is pumping and the pressure in the lung. The anesthesiologist must keep the patient asleep during a surgery by giving them anesthetic drugs and some drugs are giving to them at all times. Some drugs are mixed in with others and sometimes with the oxygen the patient is breathing. If the patient comes across problem during surgery such as low blood pressure, asthma, blood loss, heart arrhythmia and many others, the anesthesiologist must find a way to correct the problem. The care nurse and the anesthesiologist work together to cake sure the patient is safe and comfortable. How much does an anesthesiologist and surgeon make? The annual salary for an Anesthesiologist is about $166,400 while the median is about $355,100 in the United States. The anesthesiologist is one of the highest paying Jobs in the medical field. According to US Bureau of Labor statistics, the top paid anesthesiologist employed in public sectors is about $197,000 per year while self employed received about $316,500 yearly. They make more than $80. 00 per for the median. The lowest 10 percent receive up to $55. 52 per hour. Depending on the state or location that you vive in, some places have a higher income than others. On the other hand, surgeons make a little bit more. The median salary for a typical surgeon in the United States is about $343,000. Depends on the particular procedure, they range at around $250 per hour. Different surgeon makes more money than others, for example a pediatric surgeon make about $166,000 a year, while a barbaric surgeon make $433,000 a year. The salary is different in most cases. Choosing a career can be difficult but as time goes by you will soon know what interests you. As we Journey through life, we will have to decide on what we want to o or become. Everything and anything is possible if you take your time and give it your best. You really won’t know the possibility that you have to get into Med School until you have taken the science courses that college offer. Medical Schools don’t really care what kind of grades or experience you have in High School. That doesn’t mean you should stop and give up, start by participating in some sort of extracurricular activity, and possibly doing some volunteer work. Volunteering at a hospital is going to look better and increase your chances of getting into that particular school. An anesthesiologist and a surgeon are two different things yet they depend on one another for a surgery to be possible. Sometimes it is difficult and hard to decide what you want to do in life. As a freshman, I still haven’t decide what to do with my life but for now I will continue with school and hopefully one day I will know what I should do. With the overwhelming responsibilities of anesthesiologists and surgeons, some people decide to become something else that they love. Doesn’t matter what you become as long as you love what you do then it shouldn’t matter to how much you make a year. How to cite Career Paper, Papers

Utility of Bridgman and Davis Policy Cycle Model

Question: Discuss about the Utility of Bridgman and Davis Policy Cycle Model. Answer: Introduction: A policy cycle is a guide for the policy development and it brings a rhythm, along with a system, to a world, which otherwise appears to be un-orderly and chaotic. Initially, the public policy cycle was proposed in the seminal works of Lasswell in 1951, which was then adopted by others, for instance, Brewer 1974 and deLeon in 1999. The public policy cycle which has been formulated by Peter Bridgman and Glyn Davis, is of great importance to the Australian public policy and is often used as a tool for the policy makers in the nation (Freeman, 2013). In the following parts, a discussion has been carried on over the utility of policy given by these two as a tool for policy makers in the Australian context. Bridgman and Davis released The Australian Policy Handbook in 1998, which has been changed over the years. This book acts as a guide for the assistance of the public servants, in understanding and developing such a public policy which is reasonable. This model showcases a number of cyclic logical steps, which are helpful for developing, as well as, iteratively improving the public policy. Since its development, the model has been the centre of analysis, criticism, debate and scrutiny, but it still serves as a useful tool in the public servants kit (Pipika, 2014). The model has 8 steps provided in a circle, the aim of which is to promote an iterative, ongoing and cyclic move towards the development and improvement of the policy over a period of time, along with the benefits of cumulative experience, as well as, inputs (Conville, 2013). The first step of the policy clue is the identification of a new issue, by use of certain mechanism. The policy analysis is the nest step under which the research and analysis of the policy problem is carried on, so as to gather enough data, in order to make decisions regarding the policy (Freeman, 2013). In the policy instrument development step, the appropriate instruments of government are identified, which can be used for the policy implementation (Carson and Kerr, 2013). The fourth step is consultation, under which the external and independent information, as well as, expertise is garnered, so as to notify about the policy development. This is followed by coordination, where the prepared policy position is coordinated by use of mechanisms of the government. Under the next step, the decisions are made by the appropriate body or person; for instance, the Cabinet or the Minister. Once such policy is approved, it is implemented. The last step is the evaluation of the crucial processes in order to calculate, supervise and assess the implementation of the policy (Scott, 2010). The initial outlook over the stages of this model implies that the complete policy process is managed and coordinated centrally, by the makers of the policy, but it is seldom the truth. In reality, hardly any indication is made regarding who are the involved individuals, or where the policies are originated, the pressures and the external factors, and how the policies are transformed from a mere concept to being actually enacted (Pipika, 2012). Merely just to develop any position, resources have to be allocated, because of which the development of policy is prioritized over some other policys development, which competes for the resources. And the approach given by Bridgman and Davis is not very helpful to the policy entrepreneurs and practitioners in the understanding of the wider picture, which is crucial in the development, as well as, successful implementation of any policy. This model is relevant to the public policy of Australia, in two major manners. Firstly, this model provides a very useful reference model for the identification of a number of probable parts for the development of policy. And secondly, it is very instructive for the policy entrepreneurs in gaining an understanding to the expectation, as well as, the approach which is taken by the public service peers, as this policy cycle model is being taught since a long time, to the public servants (Pipika, 2012). A basic framework is presented by the model in the first instance, which is used by the policy makers for thinking and planning regarding the policy development. Some of the stages of this model can be compressed or skipped or a different approach can be taken, but in totality, this model presents a starting point, in such situations where nothing is present, to be formally imposed (Maddison and Denniss, 2013). As per the interviews conducted in Australia by with senior public servants Dr. Cosmo Howard, the model failed to match the experiences of the policy makers. This model did identify some aspects of the model, which played some part, to some extent, in the work of policy development, but was too structured, liner and not very reflective of the different approaches based on diverse policies (Howard, 2005). In this manner, the model failed to prepare the policy makers for the pressures to respond to the realities of the policy making in any pragmatic manner in the public service. This model never showcased that following it would result in better outcomes or that the prescriptions have been derived from practice (Colebatch, 2005). The policy cycle model of Bridgman and Davis also fails to capture the influence of the political players and agendas in the policy development, which is a common phenomenon in policy development. The policy cycle model also falls short in capturing the changing role of public in the twenty first century. Nor does it articulate the need for the public buy-in, as well as, the communication of policy across the cycle, in a clear manner. The key examples of this are the insulation scheme and the Building the Education revolution policy. The goals of the policy were met largely in the policy implementation in both cases, and even the independent analysis showed that the policies were a success through qualitative and quantitative assessment. Though, both of them were announced thoroughly before being implemented, and yet, there was negligible public narrative by the government, which left the media to report the issues, along with the opposition, who are always motivated to undermine the policies (Pipika, 2012). Even though there have been issues with this model in practice, as a result of the factors which are involved in it, along with the complex landscape of influences, but by constantly referencing throughout their book to the significance or good processes, which help in the creation of better policies, the model has encouraged a formally structured, check-box style and iterative approach towards the development of policies (Althaus, Bridgman, and Davis, 2012). To conclude, even though the model is inaccurate, it provides a reasonably descriptive, as well as, prescriptive normative approach towards the policy development. References Althaus, C., Bridgman, P., and Davis, G. (2012) The Australian Policy Handbook. 5th ed. Sydney: Allen Unwin. Bridgman, P., and Davis, G. (2016) What Use is a Policy Cycle? Plenty, if the Aim is Clear. [Online] eGovernment Tasmania. Available from: https://www.egovernment.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/121130/11_What_use_is_the_policy_life_cycle.PDF [Accessed on 01/12/17] Carson, E., and Kerr, L. (2009) Australian Social Policy and the Human Services. Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press, pp. 85-90. Colebatch, H.K. (2005) Policy analysis, policy practice and political science. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 64(3), pp. 14-23. Conville, S.M. (2013) How useful is the policy cycle model presented by Althaus, Bridgman and Davis?. [Online] Academia. Available from: https://www.academia.edu/2919638/How_useful_is_the_policy_cycle_model_presented_by_Althaus_Bridgman_and_Davis [Accessed on 01/12/17] Freeman, B. (2013) Revisiting the Policy Cycle. [Online] Federation University. Available from: https://federation.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/119043/Revisiting_Policy_Cycle_2013_BFreeman.pdf [Accessed on 01/12/17] Howard, C. (2005) The Policy Cycle: a Model of Post-Machiavellian Policy Making?. The Australian Journal of Public Administration, 64(3), pp. 3-13. Maddison, S., and Denniss, R. (2013) An Introduction to Australian Public Policy: Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pipika. (2012) Improving the Public Policy Cycle Model. [Online] Available from: https://pipka.org/2014/07/08/essays-improving-the-public-policy-cycle-model/ [Accessed on 01/12/17] Scott, C.D. (2010) Adding Value to Policy Analysis and Advice. Sydney, NSW: UNSW Press book.

Unit 5 Essay Example

Unit 5 Paper What is frost wedging ? Mechanical weathering occurs when physical forces break rock into smaller and smaller pieces without changing the rocks mineral composition What is frost wedging ? After many freeze-thaw cycles, the rock breaks into pieces by a process called frost wedging When water freezes, it volume _______. Its volume expands by about 9%, exerting a tremendous outward force. This force is great enough to burst water pipes during the winter Which of the following is NOT associated with mechanical weathering ? Reactions with oxygen What is chemical weathering ? Chemical weathering is the transformation of rock into one or more new compounds Which of the following is the result of chemical weathering ? a rock that has been changed into one or more new compounds The atmospheric gas forms a mild acid when dissolved in water is _______. Carbon dioxide what would cause the inscription on a marble gravestone to become harder and harder to read over time ? Chemical weathering What climate does chemical weather favor the most ? Climates with high temperatures and abundant moisture What are the major components of soil ? a. mineral matter or broken down b. organic matter or humus, which is decayed remains of organisms c. water d. air A soils texture is determined by ______. you use categories of clay, silt, and sand in the soil The main source of organic matter in soil is _______. plants Use figure 5-1 to determine what soil is called if it has 20 percent clay, 60 percent silt, and 20 percent sand. Silty loam What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown at point B in figure 5-1 ? Clay 20%, silt 40%, sand 40% What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown ate point A in figure 5-1 ? Clay 60%, silt 20%, sand 20% What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown at point C in figure 5-1 ? Clay 10%, Silt 20%, sand 70% A soil associated with the hot and wet tropics is _______. laterite Pedalfer soils contains high amounts of _______. Iron oxide and aluminum- rich clays The process responsible for moving material downslope under the influence of gravity is called ________. Mass movement What is the force of gravity behind

buy custom Local Lawsuit essay

buy custom Local Lawsuit essay A lawsuit refers to a civil action put before the court of law. It begins when a complaint is filed with the court, and it states that a plaintiff is seeking damages relief from the stated defendant. In this case, parties at a loss demand a legal action against the defendant. (Abrams, 2000) Therefore, the defendant is required to respond to the plaintiffs complaint. It may involve dispute resolution of private law issues between individuals, business units or nonprofit organizations. Legal Environment of Business In Charlestone Sofa Super Store which resulted in the deaths of nine fire fighters. Two more lawsuits were filed over the incident bring the total lawsuits to 19. The fire occurred on June 18 2007, but the final day to file the suit was June 18, 2010. The persons responsible for filing the suits were two retired fire fighters and both suits were blamed on negligence and reckless conduct by the owner of the store and the goods supplier. They claimed that the fire code violations, illegal addition of highly flammable goods in the building contributed to the tragedy. The business community in the recent past was free to organize its legal relations in whichever way. That notation changed towards the end of the 19th century following the increase of industrialization, which had given birth to labor unions. The rise of these labor unions had led to the increase of economic power in the hands of untrustworthy people. These people led to increased injuries in the workplace and to the demand for more reliable consumer protection and product reliability. The regulations were set for the American government to challenge the power of business. This started during the presidency of Reagan and speeded up after congressional elections in 1994 up to date. A research carried out shows that 51 of the worlds largest economies is the corporation and the remaining 49 are nation states. In Charlestone case, the management had their role to play in order to prevent this tragedy from happening. As we have seen that negligence, the management had an obligation of giving proper skills to the people in charge on how to cope with emergencies. Recklessness as another cause of the tragedy was to be blamed entirely on the management because they allowed excess storage of highly flammable goods that caused the fire. It was their obligation to deny more entry of those gods inside the building. Under the civil law of the United States, the suit for negligence at faults would pay an equal share of the damages. In this Charlesstone case, the Sofa Super Stores would have to pay amount reduced by 50% if found 50 % at fault. Sources of Law in the United States of America The laws in the United States consist of many levels of codified and uncodified forms. The most important of them all is the United States Constitution, the foundation of federal governments of United States and the others are way below it (Feinman, 2006). This is so because no other law can contradict the Constitution. These laws are derived from four sources that are constitutional law, statutory law, administrative regulations and the common law. Both the Constitution and federal law are the supreme law of land hence preventing conflicting state and territorial laws. The administrative law would be applicable in Charlesstone Case. The management would be at the right if they followed this law applied in this case. This would help to avoid such tragedies from happening in the future. Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods This technique acts as a means for disagreeing parties to have an understanding. It is a form of court hearing and acts in a way that parties are able to solve their disputes without involving a third party (Otaro, 2008). It is also a method of dissolving disputes in the absence of the judicial process. Charlestone case would have been resolved following the listed resolution processes. Negotiation is among the processes involved in which case participation is voluntary, and the presence of a third party is not important. In meditation, a third party is required as a mediator to facilitate resolution. In collaborative law, each party requires an attorney who aids in facilitation of resolution within specific contract term. In arbitration, participation is voluntary, and a third party is involved who acts as a judge to impose resolution. Court operates by distinct. US Supreme Court hears limited set of cases. US Court Claims hears civil claim made against the US Government. The Court Procedures Used in Every Court is Almost the Same. For a civil case to be solved, the petitioner files an original proceeeding and names a defendant before the court (Feinman, 2006). Therefore, the court serves a copy of the petition of the defendant. The defendant is again given a certain amount of time to answer the allegation stated against him. The discovery process follows, and the announcement is made for both parties are ordered by the court to appear for a status hearing, and the final propositions are filled. If the jury was requested, the selection follows and then the trial (Georges, 1992). The petitioner opens with a statement and the defense follows. The petitioner together with the witnesses present their case followed by the defense. Towards the end of the session, the petitioner gives the closing statement. The defense team retorts and the instructions are given to the jury to decide the case and an order given. A period of 30 days period is allocated for appeal, and if there is no appeal, then the case is closed. In a criminal case, a credible witness issues an official declaration charging a crime. If a crime is affirmed, an arrest is made. The court inquires to ensure that the proper arrest was made, a crime is charged, and the date of hearing is set (Feinman, 2006). In such cases, surety is determined upon the sovereignty of the crime. In this case, the information collected during the investigations is released to the defense. After the plea bargaining, the state begins the announcement of its witnesses. The filing of motions is done the trial begins followed by the sentencing if found guilty. The appeal process in all courts is the same. The court does not allow any new trial unless justifying conditions exists. In this case, if an error occurs, a new trial is ordered. State Court is divided into various forms: Small Claims court deals with small claims. Municipal Courts are charged with hearing the violation of municipal law (Georges, 1992) and traffic tickets. The procedures in these courts are lenient. County Courts depend on what case the state can hear. District Courts hear the cases of criminal level and a certain amount of money matters. Magistrate Court hears a certain type of state cases. District court reviews cases for inaccuracy. State Supreme Court hears appeal from the district court. It is normally charged with determination of state law. Federal Courts in the US government is divided into District courts that hold jurisdiction over some cases. US District bankruptcy court hears fillings for bankruptcy. Buy custom Local Lawsuit essay

Body Image A Sociological Analysis Sociology Essay

Body Image A Sociological Analysis Sociology Essay The everyday lives of people living in the 21st century are pervaded by the media. Due to the huge rise in modern technology the pressure on individuals to conform to a certain body type is more intense than ever. Tiggemann (2002) claimed that the media puts severe pressure on woman of all ages to be a certain size, `Repeated exposure to such images may lead a woman to internalize the thin ideal such that it becomes accepted by them as the reference point against which to judge themselves (Tiggemann, 2002, P92)`. Unrealistic standards of what is considered â€Å"normal† in reference to body weight and appearance are constantly shown in the media. This portrayal of what is considered â€Å"normal† continues to become thinner and thinner. There is no surprise that the ongoing exposure to unrealistic ideas on what is said to be the ideal body shape for women within this media-driven culture has contributed to the current high levels of body dissatisfaction in females toda y. As schools include ‘healthy eating’ on the school curriculum and media images continue to reinforce the ideal of the slender women, young girls are becoming increasingly aware of the pressure to be slim (Fulcher & Scott, 2007:307). In The Sociological Imagination, C Wright Mills argues that ‘neither the life on an individual nor the history of society can be understood without understanding both’ (Mills, 1959:3). Throughout, keeping C. Wright Mills statement in mind, a sociological outlook on the everyday issue of body weight will be a central focus, examining how specific eating habits and behaviors came to be constructed. From this, social and cultural concepts will also contribute to a better understanding of how bodily processes and social structures are in many ways contributing to the development of disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. In modernity, the media represent a key cultural structure which influences eating behavior and in turn, what c onstitutes normal eating. According to Durkheim (1970), both cultural and social structures are external factors in society which have a constraining effect on the individual. In western society the media are responsible for spreading female body type ideals through the ‘glamorization of slenderness’ (Bordo, 1993: 103). In the 1950s the ideal female body type was a curvaceous, fuller figure (Fulcher & Scott, 2007: 307) as represented by Marilyn Monroe, one of the most photographed women of her time. As cultural ideals have changed, images of women portrayed in the media have become increasingly thinner. Furthermore, female body shape ideals are reinforced by advertisers who use slim models to sell products (Fulcher & Scott, 2007: 307). This leads to women comparing themselves with the cultural ideal and internalizing modern conceptions of femininity (Fulcher & Scott, 2007: 307). Therefore, women are becoming increasingly accustomed to altering their eating habits in ord er to achieve the cultural ideal of slenderness. One way women control their eating habits is through dieting, which involves the restriction of the amount and type of food consumed (Fulcher & Scott, 2007: 307), the steady increase in dieting over the past few decades is undoubtedly influenced by the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and fashion industries that emphasise the importance of dieting and healthy eating (Fulcher & Scott, 2007: 306). Furthermore, the media have a vital influence on the individual’s food choices (Ogden, 2010: 283). For example, in the summer of 1990 UK beef sales fell by 20% in response to widespread publicity about the health risks of beef (Ogden, 2010: 38). This demonstrates that the media can have a major effect on the food consumers buy. The combination of images in the media, publicity around the benefits and risks of certain foods, and the emphasis on dieting and healthy eating in today’s society contribute to what constitutes normal eating in t oday. Young girls begin controlling their weight from an early age (Bordo, 1993: 99) as a result of media images, and the normalization of dieting means that young girls view dieting as a good tool for weight loss (Fulcher & Scott, 2007: 307). Therefore, we can argue that images of femininity in the media and the emphasis on maintaining a slim figure contribute to the eating habits of the general public, especially women. In addition to this, negative publicity surrounding particular food produce can result in reduced consumption of certain products which highlights the media’s influence on an individual’s food choices.

Is Prvnt_on lwys Bttr thn Cur The case of Brst Cncr Scrn_ng Assignment

Is Prvnt_on lwys Bttr thn Cur The case of Brst Cncr Scrn_ng - Assignment Example The introduction of the new health care policy in the 1970’s which emphasized on health promotion as the proposed strategy for the prevention of diseases, in particular diseases in which lifestyle factors had a definitive causative role, marked the beginning of this new era of preventive medicine (Larsen, 2010). Over the centuries, there has been a widespread belief amongst both the health care providers and the general population that prevention is better than cure. However, the effectiveness of such an approach towards health care is oft debated and more recently, the term ‘Preventionitis,’ which challenges this belief, has evolved and has gained popularity. Preventionitis’ is a political term that seeks to question the commonly held belief that prevention is a better and a more cost effective method, than curing a range of the nation’s health problems. In the view of many, some preventative medicine works whilst much does not. In addition, the cos ts of failure are high and this challenges the dogma that prevention is cheaper than cure (Le Fanu & Social Affairs Unit, 1994). The provision of preventive health services falls under the domain of public health. Public health is an umbrella term which encompasses a wide range of health services offered to the public and has been defined as ‘The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organised efforts of the society (Ewles & Simnett, 2003).’ Preventive Medicine offers a wide range of services for the public, including and not limited to, personal health checks, family planning and immunization (Ewles & Simnett, 2003). In addition, other services offered include health education, screening for various diseases, counselling regarding health care and adaptation of healthy behaviours, and provision of preventive medications in cases where it is available (USPSTF, 2010). It is important to remember, however, that public health is a multidisciplinary and multifaceted phenomenon and its scope is not just limited to the aforementioned services. The opponents of the preventive approach to health care present several arguments against the effectiveness of preventive strategies in health promotion. It is believed that prevention of illness is limited by the fact that most of us live out our natural lifespan and die of disease that is determined by the ageing process; since this is a predetermined phenomenon, any improvement in an individual’s lifespan or quality of life is small (Le Fanu & Social Affairs Unit, 1994). Studies have revealed that the increase in life expectancy by preventing or curing all cancers for those between the ages of 15 and 65, even if this were possible, would be only seven months. Moreover, the limitation of prevention policies by epidemiology, which raises association between disease and life style factors, is unhelpful in providing proof (Le Fanu & Social Affairs Unit, 1994). Thu s, all these factors have contributed towards the questionable nature of the efficacy of preventive health services being offered to the public. An important aspect of preventive health is health awareness which can be achieved by health education. An effective strategy in promoting screening modalities for cancers amongst the general public is by means of mass awareness campaigns. Awareness campaigns relating to cancer are common at the present

Self Marketing homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Self Marketing homework - Assignment Example In this paper, I will analyze my characteristics and the situation that I am facing in my current position. I present myself as a company that is willing to attract its targeted customers, i.e. the employers. Overview Self analysis is an important factor to promote oneself in this competitive era. With the changes in the global environment, organizations are now-a-days providing increasing significance to the human resources, i.e. the employees who can contribute to the achievement of the organizational goal and create value. Therefore, the prospective employees are required to prove better than others and it is essential to gain competency and thus persuade the employers to benefit them. This paper mainly focuses to promote myself in the oil industry. With this concern, the paper shall present a company analysis indicating me as the company. Furthermore, customer analysis will be performed considering my employer as the targeted customer. Competitive analysis, value chain analysis, country climate analysis and SWOT analysis will also be performed as self-assessing tools. Company Analysis My aim is to become a Mechanical Engineer in oil and gas industry in a managerial position. The task of the mechanical engineer is to perform research, assess the mechanical equipments and taking special care of the machines. The Mechanical Engineer of oil industry requires dealing with various managerial operations such as: Processing of the industrial system Manufacturing system i.e. plant and products Dealing with the transport equipments Infrastructure structure on the oil platform Computer mechanism and measures I have completed Mechanical Engineering course as my educational qualification that has provided me with an in-depth knowledge of the industry operations. Thus, it would be beneficial for the oil industry to employ me. Because I can deal with the factors related with the post of Mechanical Engineer in the oil industry. I have a capability to motivate my subordinat es through my communication skills, commitment, and trust. I am also hard working and can face any organizational challenge. These factors can be highly beneficial for the oil industry to gain customer competency and the value chain management with the assistance of productive manpower. This in turn can maintain long term profitability in the marketing field on the whole. On the similar context, being an employee of the industry I can gain prestige in the locality. It can be stated that being employed in the reputed firm can also reward me higher incentives as well as satisfactory career growth. And thus help me lead a healthy and successful life. It shall be a mutual understanding between the industry and me with a common objective of growth. As I wish to grow with my organizational competency, I can be highly productive for my employers. Customer Analysis US oil industry is one of the leading industries of the world. The industry had increased property acquirement and had caused t otal capital expenditures. It was analyzed through research studies performed by experts that the oil industry had doubled its total capital expenditures in 2010. The industry’s expenditures was $72.8 billion in 2009 but had increased as $177.9 billion in 2010. The industry also exports its products with an increased gas reserve by 12% in 2010. Therefore, from the data given above it can be stated th

Economic development in China and India Essay Example for Free

Economic development in China and India Essay Foreign trade in China is almost completely dominated by the state. In 1979, China relaxed certain trade restrictions, paving the way for increases in the relatively small foreign investment and trade activity. By the late 1980s, yearly exports totaled about $41. 1 billion and imports $46. 4 billion, and both have increased sharply since then. China has been undergoing a dramatic transformation to a market economy. As a result, it currently is the world leader in terms of economic growth, industrial expansion, and exports. It contains an array of potential consumers that far exceeds the markets in Europe or the Western Hemisphere, and it is rapidly emerging as a new epicenter for industry, commerce, and finance. In addition, the so-called â€Å"greater China† has substantial amounts of technology and manufacturing capability, outstanding entrepreneurial, marketing, and services acumen in Hong Kong, a fine communications network and a tremendous pool of financial. When these resources are combined with the very large endowment of land, resources, and labor on the mainland, China already is a major superpower in the global economy. The people’s Republic of China (PRC or China, for short) has had a long tradition of isolation. In 1979, Deng Xiaoping opened his country to the world. Although his bloody 1989 put-down of protestors in Tiananmen Square was a definite setback for progress, China is rapidly trying to close the gap between itself and economically advance nations and to establish itself as an economic power in the Pacific Rim. Southeast China in particular has become a hotbed of business activity. Presently, China is actively encouraging trade with the West, and it is a major trading partner of the United States. Despite this progress, many U. S. and European multinationals find that doing business in the PRC can be a long, grueling process that often results in failure. One primary reason is that Western-based MNCs do not understand the role and impact of Chinese culture. Since the last few decades there has been a multifold increase in the FDI in China. The Chinese economy has now gaining the power of effecting the decisions of the economic bodies of the world. History of FDI growth in China: The country launched its open door policy 26 years ago. Since the policy introduction the FDI flows in the country received a quick response. In 2004 China was at no. 2nd position in the world of FDI with $64 billion. The Chinese FDI trends can be examined in two phases. First phase: 1979-82 Second phase: 1984-91 Third phase: 1992-99 In the first phase the government establish for special zones with incentive policies. Although there was a high inflow into those regions, the total FDI flow reached US $ 1. 8 billion. In the second phase the provinces were opened and recorded US $ 10. 3 billion. In 1989 however the trend dropped. In the third phase Deny Xiaoping opened China for overall economic reform. The phase was very fruitful for China. The government introduced new policies and market oriented economic reform. In result of these reforms the FDI’s started flowing into the Chinese economy at rocket speed. In November 1999 US-China had an agreement regarding the WTO, according to which many new reforms were made (Sandra, 2001) those included †¢ The sectors relating to the distribution services will be opened for repair and maintenance and China will phase in trading rights and distribution services over three years. The Government for the investment opened the telecommunication industry of China. †¢ The professionals were also allowed access to the service markets of China. The services included according, consulting, Information Technology and Engineering. (Lardy, 2000). FDI in China rose to a peak level of US $ 45463 million in 1998. In the first six months of 2002, actual foreign direct investment (FDI) in China rocketed to 24. 58 billion U. S. dollars, setting a record growth rate of 18. 69 percent year-on-year. (Beijing Time, 2002) On June 22, 2005, CNOOC, a Chinese company made a $18. billion bid to purchase Unocal Corporation, an U. S. energy company. News of the bid raised concern among several Members, many of who contend that the deal would threaten U. S. national security. On June 30, 2005, the House passed H. Res. 344 (Pombo) by a vote of 398 to 15, expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that a Chinese state-owned energy company exercising control of critical United States energy infrastructure and energy production capacity could take action that would threaten to impair the national security of the United States. On the same day, the House passed an amendment (H.  Amdt. 431) to an appropriations bill (H. R. 3058) that would prohibit the use of funds from being made available to recommend approval of the sale of Unocal Corporation to CNOOC. On May 20, 2005, the Chinese government reported that first quarter real GDP grew by 9. 4% in 2005 over the same period in 2004. On April 15, 2005, the Chinese government reported that its foreign exchange reserves had risen to $659. 1 billion by the end of May 2005. (Morrison, 2005) Some researchers state the fact that the data reported for FDI in China is different from the reality. The Chinese FDI data is overstated. About ? of flight capital later returns (â€Å"round-trips†) as FDI when opportunities emerge. (Gunter, 2004) From the early 1990s most of the researchers from International bodies have calculated wrong FDI. It is Mainland Chinese monies that flowed out to access better financial, regulatory and legal services and round-trip by returning to China as apparent FDI to access the fiscal incentives and improved investor protection offered in China to foreign investors. (Erskine, 2004) Outward FDI: â€Å"The figures on FDI outflows vary. According to China’s BOP statistics, the cumulative total during 1990 to 1997 was US$18. 9 billion, consisting exclusively of equity capital. Since the 1980s, China has been fast acquiring assets abroad. Researchers7 estimate that Chinese FDI in Hong Kong totaled US$20-30 billion by the end of 1993 or 1994. In fact the net wealth of Chinese affiliates abroad can be measured in hundreds of billion dollars. Officially, the Chinese SOEs had as many as 5 666 affiliates abroad at the end of 1998 with a combined FDI of US$6. 33 billion. (Chandra) Both the in-ward and the out-ward FDIs are a strong influencing forces which effect the trade performance of a country. This can be further explained by conducting the following case study. The study reveals increased value to Economy of China due to FDI. Source countries: Among the developed countries Japan United States are the most important investors in China. Hong Kong is also an important investor and newly industrialized (NIEs. From 1990’s some of the countries like Philippines Malaysia Indonesia have also increased their investment levels in China. Other countries are also showing interest in investing in China in future. In 2003, Sino-Japan trade reached a record high $132 billion. Examining the fast expansion of the bilateral trade suggests that direct investment from Japan performed a critical role in strengthening the economic integration between the two economies. Japanese affiliated manufacturers in China contributed to the soaring bilateral trade in dual ways: exporting their products as final products and intermediate inputs to Japan, and importing intermediates inputs from Japan for their production in China. In 2002, Japanese affiliated manufacturers exported 1,057 billion yen products to Japanese market (METI, 2003). The effect on China’s exports and its national economy is tremendous. (Xing, 2004) FDI from China: Not much material is provided regarding the subject. Although Hong Kong can be viewed as the destination for out ward flow of FDI from China. Sector and geographical distribution of FDI in China Sector Distribution: â€Å"So far, the major proportion of FDI is drawn for the manufacturing field, which takes up almost 60 per cent of the total contracted FDI by 1998. Next follows real estate with the share of 24. 4 percent. The portion of the distribution industry including transport, wholesale and retailing is 6. 0 percent. Construction comes next with 3. 1 percent. The primary industry such as agriculture, forestry and fishing takes 1. 8 per cent. In the future, service trade, such as finances, telecommunications and wholesale and resale commerce, will take up a larger share as a result of Chinese accession to WTO and further liberalization. Further investment liberalization should also take place in traditional industries. Especially, the expansion of FDI in agriculture will depend on the degree of opening up to the market circulation of agricultural products and the industrialized process of production operations. FIEs also generated nearly one fifth of the total tax revenues and 23. 5 million job opportunities, employing about one 10th of urban workers. These numbers suggest FDI has contributed nearly one quarter to one third of China’s GDP growth. †(OECD, 2004) Barriers in the way of FDI in China: The Chinese government has applied a controlled competition culture which against the liberalization provided by the WTO which lift most of the regulations from the trade commerce (Yoost, 2005) Many assets in commercial and industrial sectors are state owned. This in turn gives rise to the problem of hidden state regulation imposition of the government on the foreign investors. This strengthens the view that China does not practice liberty in Business. Some of the sectors of economy are still protected by the government. Due to the situation the WTO commitments are not fulfilled which gives rise to local competition for foreign investors Factors attracting FDI in India: â€Å"India is a prime offshore location for low and high-tech activities, its low-cost, English-speaking and IT-savvy labor force, coupled with a large market potential, underpin global executives improved outlook and investment confidence this year. † (Rediff. com, 2003) The first set of factors which was involved in bringing the FDI to India was the improvement in technology, cheap labor, cost effective production of the goods, cheap and efficient supply chain. The Indian Government also has the cutting edge of Channeling the FDI in the right direction. They are attracting most of the MNEs towards India because at present the Chinese economy can provide them with all the suitable factors desired. Due to its increase in population India has become a growing and profitable market for most of the MNEs products (Ahluwalia) The second set of factors, relating to SOEs, will change significantly and alter the market environment that foreign firms will face in India. Many if not the majority, of India’s best SOEs in industries accessible to foreign investors have set up joint ventures with foreign companies. In the foreseeable future, as the number of SOEs in the national economy continues to shrink, India will facilitate the entry of private domestic firms. MNCs will tend to build up their own affiliates rather than look for Indian domestic partners. At the same time, they will face more competition from private Indian firms as their numbers increase. All of these will become attractive features of the Indian market. Foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) have provided an alternative to private entrepreneurship because private Indian firms have been largely discriminated against. In the past 20 years, the highly efficient FIEs have contributed a great deal to the Indian economy. In 2002, even though FDI accounted for only one 10th of the gross fixed capital formation, FIEs contributed one third of the industrial output, one quarter of the value added, more than half of the exports, and nearly three quarters of the foreign exchange balances held in Chinese banks by corporations (Zhang, 2005). â€Å"The government of India eliminated export quotas as part of its effort to double Indian exports to more than $80 billion by 2007. India is the largest cotton cultivating country. The country has vast reservoir of scientific talent, established pharmaceutical industry, diversity of population and unique natural resources. Key to Indias development of biotechnology is the need for a science-based, rules-based regulatory approach, which is the best way to attract private sector investment. † (Larson, 2002) The major empirical conclusions of this paper are: (1) Much of the measured trade effect is through FDI rather than cost, as the theory of FDI would indicate, and that studies which concentrate on cost as the channel significantly understate the extent of such expansion. 2) On the whole bilateral country level, outward FDI has a larger predicted impact on Chinas exports than does inward FDI. On the other hand, inward FDI is found having a larger predicted impact on Chinas imports than does outward FDI. (3) There is much cross-regional variation and differences in the patterns of FDI-trade links. Regarding to the impact of inward FDI on Chinese trade, FDI is found to boost both export and import growth in Asia, Europe and Oceania. As far as outward FDI is concerned, a unanimous complement link between FDI and trade exists only for Asia, and Africa. (Yong, 2003) The work undertaken in this paper is an improved one because it takes into account all the aspects related to the FDI including a set of countries which contributes towards the FDI in China India, the contribution made by this paper is in more fully evaluating an important policy question regarding the effect of FDI. Second, it takes into account national changes both in inward FDI and outward FDI over a considerable period of time.

Essay --

A popular writer in his own lifetime, William Shakespeare's reputation became increasingly popular after his death and his work is widely performed throughout the world. He is the most quoted writer in the literature and history because of his poetries and playwrights. His most famous play was â€Å"Hamlet†, which showed a great deal of revenge. This plays theme reflected the true meaning of betrayal, hate and revenge. In this play Shakespeare shows how individuals would act towards a loves death, no matter the outcomes. In the play Hamlet, there were four revengers, Hamlet himself, Laertes, Fortinbras, and Pyrrhus. However, Hamlet and Laertes will be my main focus on examining Shakespeare’s depiction of revenge. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark, the son of the old King Hamlet. He is very melancholy, and bitter, full of hatred for his uncle’s usurpation. Laertes in the other hand is the son of Polonius. His character is very passionate but contrasts for the reflective Hamlet. These two characters have many comparisons in seeking revenge after the death of their fathers. Although each has the same intentions the outcomes are dissimilar. When Hamlet’s father King Hamlet and Laertes’s father Polonius were killed, it made them want to seek revenge. The similarities that compare these two characters are their life style and education, the emotions towards their father’s death, and the reasons for their revenge. Each character was described as young man who spend most of their times away from their families. Hamlet spends his time studying at the University of Wittenberg and Laertes spends much of the time in France. They were living their life away from all the problems that were occurring in their homes, until the news of t... ... king Hamlet murdered in the garden by his nephew. There Hamlet realized that the ghost’s word has been proven true and then started his revenge. Hamlet took everything much easy and took time to plan his revenge and Laertes didn’t and failed. In conclusion the death of a father has a strong impact on individuals. This play endorses revenge because everyone paid for their sins. Hamlet revenged his father by killing Claudius and so did Laertes when saying about the plot he did with Claudius which is proven in the book and in the film I saw of Hamlet. In the film, however Laertes shots Hamlet with a gun, that then reverses and Hamlet shots him and Claudius. Revenge was taken place and both fathers murder had vengeance. Even though everyone had to die, this play shows that no matter who was involved in any plot. Everyone involved has to pay for their actions. Essay -- A popular writer in his own lifetime, William Shakespeare's reputation became increasingly popular after his death and his work is widely performed throughout the world. He is the most quoted writer in the literature and history because of his poetries and playwrights. His most famous play was â€Å"Hamlet†, which showed a great deal of revenge. This plays theme reflected the true meaning of betrayal, hate and revenge. In this play Shakespeare shows how individuals would act towards a loves death, no matter the outcomes. In the play Hamlet, there were four revengers, Hamlet himself, Laertes, Fortinbras, and Pyrrhus. However, Hamlet and Laertes will be my main focus on examining Shakespeare’s depiction of revenge. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark, the son of the old King Hamlet. He is very melancholy, and bitter, full of hatred for his uncle’s usurpation. Laertes in the other hand is the son of Polonius. His character is very passionate but contrasts for the reflective Hamlet. These two characters have many comparisons in seeking revenge after the death of their fathers. Although each has the same intentions the outcomes are dissimilar. When Hamlet’s father King Hamlet and Laertes’s father Polonius were killed, it made them want to seek revenge. The similarities that compare these two characters are their life style and education, the emotions towards their father’s death, and the reasons for their revenge. Each character was described as young man who spend most of their times away from their families. Hamlet spends his time studying at the University of Wittenberg and Laertes spends much of the time in France. They were living their life away from all the problems that were occurring in their homes, until the news of t... ... king Hamlet murdered in the garden by his nephew. There Hamlet realized that the ghost’s word has been proven true and then started his revenge. Hamlet took everything much easy and took time to plan his revenge and Laertes didn’t and failed. In conclusion the death of a father has a strong impact on individuals. This play endorses revenge because everyone paid for their sins. Hamlet revenged his father by killing Claudius and so did Laertes when saying about the plot he did with Claudius which is proven in the book and in the film I saw of Hamlet. In the film, however Laertes shots Hamlet with a gun, that then reverses and Hamlet shots him and Claudius. Revenge was taken place and both fathers murder had vengeance. Even though everyone had to die, this play shows that no matter who was involved in any plot. Everyone involved has to pay for their actions.

Warehousing and Logistics

This spreadsheet package will help you implement the principles in  Achieving Effective Inventory Management. Completely updated and expanded, this third edition of the spreadsheets features the newly designed Inventory Performance Simulator, which combines the analysis performed by several of the previous spreadsheets. The spreadsheet package includes a CD-ROM, sample print-outs and detailed instructions for use. You’ll find the following easy-to-use spreadsheets: Spreadsheet 1: The Inventory Performance SimulatorThis spreadsheet allows you to perform forecasting, replenishment, and investment analysis on up to100 items at a time by loading your data into a single worksheet. Areas of analysis include: †¢ Differentiating types of usage. †¢ For items with recurring usage, identify the best forecast formula from among nine methods preloaded into the spreadsheet; calculate the forecast and suggested replenishment parameters. †¢ For items with sporadic usage, calc ulate normal quantity sold/used in one transaction as well as minimum and maximum quantities. Compare your current inventory value, turnover and return on investment to potential â€Å"ideal† values. You can then see how varying safety stock and other parameters will affect your service level and inventory investment. †¢ Employ user maintained controls to smooth out unusually high or low usage. †¢ Graphically review the history and suggested replenishment parameters of a specific item comparing the results of all 11 forecasting methods. †¢ Compare the current and potential values of these key metrics: †¢ Inventory turnover †¢ Turn/earn index †¢ Gross margin return on investment Adjusted gross margin (i. e. , gross margin considering your average inventory investment) †¢ Percentage of excess inventory †¢ Planned excess (what vendors force you to buy in excess of what you need). Spreadsheet 2: Price Break (Item) If a vendor offers you a l ower price per piece for a larger purchase quantity, is it a good deal? This spreadsheet will help you make an intelligent decision. It compares the lower cost per piece to the cost of carrying inventory for a longer period of time. It also takes into account the lower reordering cost per unit resulting from the purchase of larger quantities.The price break that provides the lowest Total Cost/Piece represents the â€Å"best buy† quantity. Spreadsheet 3: Price Break (Vendor Line) This spreadsheet compares the discount you will receive to the cost of carrying each purchase quantity for the length of time necessary to sell the entire amount (based on your current overall forecast for the vendor line). The result is a calculation of how much each dollar’s worth of inventory will cost when you consider both the discount and carrying cost. The lower the cost of a dollar’s worth of material, the better the deal.Spreadsheet 4: Price Break (Terms/Freight) With this sprea dsheet, you will be able to consider freight, terms discounts and extended terms to decide which of three entered purchase quantities represents your â€Å"best buy† quantity. Spreadsheet 5: Value of Lost Inventory This spreadsheet determines the amount of additional sales your company must generate to make up for the value of material that is lost, stolen or otherwise unusable. Each of the spreadsheets is provided on a single CD-ROM, along with hard copies of the spreadsheets, and detailed instructions, all packaged in a sturdy binder.

Flexible Firm Hrm

Assignment 2 (a)Outline the main forms of flexibility as defined in Atkinson’s (1984) model of the flexible firm (b) What are some of the strengths and weaknesses of the Atkinson model? ANSWER PLAN: ?Introduction/Background oWhat are the aims of flexibility oGuest (1987) de-centralisation helps to create flexibility oWhat are the main forms of flexibility that modern organisation need ?Body: 4 types of flexibility oFunctional/Temporal/Numerical/Financial ?Body 2: Atkinson’s Model oCore group oFrist/Second peripheral groups How each of these differ oOutsourcing activities/ Agency / Self-employed/Sub-contracting ?Advantages / Disadvantages of Atkinson’s model ?Criticism ?Conclusion In highly competitive environment, organisations need to be able to react quickly and effectively to changes. David Guest (1987) in advocating de-centralisation emphasised the role it plays in increasing flexibility within an organisation. He cited flexibility as one of the keys to respo nding effectively to changes in the environment, and that it is essential for organisational success.The main forms of flexibility in modern organisation according to Blyton and Morris (1992) are four: Functional, Temporal, Numerical and Financial. Functional flexibility involves the task of multi-skilling where employees are required to possess one specific skill and many other generalist ones. This means a reduced specialisation of roles with individuals being trained to carry out a much wider range of activities than before. The purpose of numerical flexibility is to expand and contract the labour force according to specific demand for it.In times of expansion, more workers are required. Conversely a smaller workforce is needed if the business is decreasing. The third form is temporal flexibility. In this case the number and distribution of hours varies. It concerns different approaches to managing the time of employees, such as â€Å"annual hours contracts† where there is a total number of hours to be worked but actual hours will vary according to circumstances. Finally, financial flexibility involves the way that an individual’s payment varies in ways which best allow it to meet objectives.At the individual level this can mean pay-related-performance or multiple pay strategies such as bonuses, dividends and share options. Atkinson developed a model of what he called the flexible firm which brings together a number of aspects of flexibility. This model is shown below: The model consists of a core group, first and second peripheral groups and outsourcing activities. The core group include the full-time, generalist skilled workers who are expected to keep learning and adapting to changes.This is the permanent component of the firm’s workforce; they are the ones with the most job security, and they have better opportunities for training and promotion. They are relatively few in the organisation. This group provides flexibility through its commitment because they are the permanent ones. In contrast, peripheral workers provide a firm with numerical flexibility. The first peripheral group is normally full-time but does not have the same job security as the core workers. Their numbers increase or reduce with changing labour market conditions.The second peripheral group is employed on a part-time basis, with short-term contracts. They tend to be less well paid and have fewer rights and benefits than the first peripheral group. Less is invested in them as far as training and opportunities for promotion are concerned. As a final alternative if necessary, organisations can outsource functions as a means of generating flexibility. These are contracted to do specific work and are more expensive; outsourced flexibility comes at a premium price.An example of outsourcing services is office cleaning where an agency is contracted to carry out the cleaning of the office on a continuing basis. In times of recession, peripheral or no n-full-time workers are much more likely to be made redundant. The advantages of the Atkinson model for the organisation include: a more easily controlled and managed workforce; core employees being more committed due to enriched jobs (Soft HRM); the facility for bringing in skills as required and cost saving and low wage costs for part-time workers.The disadvantages include: risk of lack of specialist expertise due to multi-skilling and issues connected with loyalty and security. Firstly loyalty, because they are not bound by permanent contract, there is no guarantee that the worker will continue to be available. They may also lack necessary training as the organisation will be focusing more on the core workers because the more you move to peripheral workers the more you want to contain costs, therefore minimal training is offered.Atkinson’s model is criticised because many organisations will have core, peripheral and outsourced workers without having the Atkinson’s m odel in mind. In other words even when flexibility is practiced, it is not because of his model. The requirement for flexibility happened in organisations before he developed his model. In conclusion flexibility can take a number of different forms as proposed by Blyton and Morris. It helps the organisation react to changes faster and more effectively. The four types of flexibility link to The Atkinson’s model which illustrates how organisations are structured.Managers value the model to a degree of financial flexibility because it separates core workers from peripheral workers. It helps them taking decisions on who to contract. High level skills can be brought in when necessary and outsourced tasks can end up being less expensive, as the termination of the contract is simple. There are a number of potential advantages and disadvantages of workforce flexibility, depending on which group is considered. The flexible firm emphasises the need for organisations to be flexible and have the capability to adapt to constantly changing circumstances.

Free Essays on Atmospheric Circulation

The global energy balance and atmospheric motion mainly determine the circulation of the earth's atmosphere. There is a hierarchy of motion in atmospheric circulation. Each control can be broken down into smaller controlling factors. The global energy balance is an equal balance of short-wave radiation coming into the atmosphere and long-wave radiation going out of the atmosphere. This is called thermal equilibrium. The earth is at thermal equilibrium; however, there can have a surplus or deficit of energy in parts of the heat budget. If you have a net radiation surplus warm air will rise, and a net radiation deficit will make the air cool an fall. Air gets heated at the equator because of the inter tropical convergence zone and rises to the poles. There the air is cooled and it floats back down to the equator where the process is repeated. Another major contributing factor to the circulation of the air is due to the subtropical highs. These highs like the ITCZ migrate during the different seasons. The idealized belt model is a great representation of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The equatorial belt of variable winds and calms ranges from 5 degrees north to 5 degrees south. This wind belt is characterized by weak winds and low pressure from the inter tropical convergence zone. As you go further north or south you encounter the Hadley Cells. Hadley cell circulation is caused by the movement of high pressure from the latitudes at 5 to 30 degrees north and 5 to 30 degrees south to low pressure areas around the equator. The movement of air from high pressure to low pressure causes convergence. This convergence generates the production of wind. The winds that are produced from this are the trade winds. The winds blow from a northwest direction in the northern hemisphere, and in the southern hemisphere the winds blow from a southeast direction. The trade winds are the large... Free Essays on Atmospheric Circulation Free Essays on Atmospheric Circulation The global energy balance and atmospheric motion mainly determine the circulation of the earth's atmosphere. There is a hierarchy of motion in atmospheric circulation. Each control can be broken down into smaller controlling factors. The global energy balance is an equal balance of short-wave radiation coming into the atmosphere and long-wave radiation going out of the atmosphere. This is called thermal equilibrium. The earth is at thermal equilibrium; however, there can have a surplus or deficit of energy in parts of the heat budget. If you have a net radiation surplus warm air will rise, and a net radiation deficit will make the air cool an fall. Air gets heated at the equator because of the inter tropical convergence zone and rises to the poles. There the air is cooled and it floats back down to the equator where the process is repeated. Another major contributing factor to the circulation of the air is due to the subtropical highs. These highs like the ITCZ migrate during the different seasons. The idealized belt model is a great representation of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The equatorial belt of variable winds and calms ranges from 5 degrees north to 5 degrees south. This wind belt is characterized by weak winds and low pressure from the inter tropical convergence zone. As you go further north or south you encounter the Hadley Cells. Hadley cell circulation is caused by the movement of high pressure from the latitudes at 5 to 30 degrees north and 5 to 30 degrees south to low pressure areas around the equator. The movement of air from high pressure to low pressure causes convergence. This convergence generates the production of wind. The winds that are produced from this are the trade winds. The winds blow from a northwest direction in the northern hemisphere, and in the southern hemisphere the winds blow from a southeast direction. The trade winds are the large...

Global Financial Stability Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Financial Stability - Term Paper Example Therefore, global financial stability entails smooth operations of the financial institutions and global markets in conjunction with the global economy. Therefore, to determine a global financial stability balance of payments would help in providing information of an interpedently economy. Balance of payments Balance of payments is records of all financial transactions that are made between businesses, the American government and the consumers with people across the rest of the world. The figure in balance of payments explains the amount being spent by the consumers of a particular country and firms on imported goods and services (Choi, 2009). It also entails the degree of success the firms in a particular nation in terms of exports to other countries and markets. This is an essential measure of the United States economic performance worldwide. Karmakar (2010) suggests that a balance of payments gives information about the economic interdependence of a particular economy with foreign countries. It records the value of all transactions among residents and foreign persons for a given duration. Exports and investments are recorded as positive or alternative surplus items while imports or other deployments of capital in foreign countries are registered as negative or deficit entries. These payments relate to the United States banking growth in that when there is a crisis on balance of payments it might result into a banking crisis overseas. This happens when the economic growth is below the normal status (Choi, 2009). Both crises are preceded by great recessions, hence, this is worsening to trade sector and an overestimated exchange price and the rising cost of credit. In addition, this will have a hard hit on the countries’ exports resulting into a financial shock to the financial institutions. The balance of payments statements are used by the United States banks to interpret information thus enhancing better performances since the information from the sta tements is used to make appropriate financial decisions that control the monetary policy of the country’s economy. Banks overseas have a financial account, where any charges in assets and liabilities are recognized as foreign assets (Stern, 2006). The two possible entries to this entail the export capital, which emerges to an increase in assets or reduction in the external liabilities. On the other hand, the United States capital imports point to decrease in receivables and increase in external liabilities. This would enhance bank growth overseas due to the presence of more liquid cash in overseas banks resulting into a more stable financial base thus enhancing activities such as loan borrowing with competent interest rates .This increases the growth and development of the financial institutions such as banks since there is sufficient capital for development. The main balance of payments of a bank is also a portion of the balance of capital transfers account. In this case, th e balance shows funding to a statistical adjust in the outstanding stock on net foreign assets (Choi, 2009). The balance of payments is considered as one of the major indicators of the United States level of economic growth and this has a positive influence in the banking industry overseas. Consequently, it has the potential to control the rates of free-floating currencies since

Criminal Justice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Criminal Justice - Coursework Example The social control is often maintained in the criminal justice system to pave the way for orderly and crime free societies. Criminal justice agency mandated by the United States government to exhibit criminal justice is the U.S. department of justice (DOJ’s). This department ensures that all the societal norms are followed to the later. In cases of anomie or normlessness, the criminal law pursuit always takes its course to ensure order is fully restored in all systems in the society. Justice concept of the criminal justice system provides for freedoms and rights of the criminals (Schmalleger 46). Detention before trial is against the criminal justice laws. Taking more days before trial as well is against this law’s pursuit. Lastly, all the criminals are always innocent until proved guilty by the DOJ’s agencies. In summary, the criminal justice system is one of the key role players in a society’s cohesion and integration. The United States criminal justice system is indiscriminative thus exercises enacted laws equally to all the races in the society. The criminal justice ensures there is a universal application of jurisdiction in all the intended societal criminal activities. Through criminal justice, the societies live harmoniously as normless behaviours are highly regulated. These, therefore, are some of the important roles played by criminal justice systems in the United